life
cycle - introduced annual, reproducing by seed
stems -
upright, branched, smooth, reddish, pair of sharp spines at
nodes growth habit, spines
leaves -
alternate, oval, entire, smooth, long petiole, often water-marked
leaves 1, leaves 2
flowers -
terminal spikes - green, small, mostly staminate (male); axillary
clusters – green, small, mostly pistillate (female)
female flower clusters, male flower clusters