life
cycle - introduced perennial, reproducing by seed and creeping rootstocks
stems – upright,
tall, stout, square, mostly smooth, green but sometimes reddish,
unbranched below with some branching above growth
habit 1
leaves – opposite,
broadly lanceolate to oval, white veins, rough, margins strongly
toothed, connate-perfoliated with leaf bases joining around
stem to form a “cup” leaves
1, leaves 2, leaves 3, leaves 4, leaves 5
flowers – heads
of bright yellow rays (ligulate) florets around center of yellow
or pale yellow disk (tubulate) florets; clusters terminal and
axillary above, open, long stalked flowers 1, flowers
2, flowers 3
